1000
In the
11th.century, Cluniac monks made the shrine of St.James at
Compostella famous as a pilgrimage site.[1]
Christianity
established in
Sacrificial sites
in
Carving and
erection of stone statues begins, at
Short-lived settlements led by Leif Eriksson, on the
coasts of
Moulds used, in and North
`In as in other towns the origin of the body
of freemen is lost in obscurity. The eleventh-century gild which existed in
`Of surnames as
such there were hardly any in the England of pre-Conquest days ... in France,
however, surnames started about the year 1000 AD ... on the other hand among
the Romans the surname sytem ... reached a clear and definite structure.' [cognomen = surname][3]
1002
Massacre of
St.Brice`s Day.
1003
Sweyn begins annual raids. (to 1007) He
attacks and sacks
1011
The area around
Hertford is described as being overrun by Danes.
1013
End of King
monarchsEthelred II Redeless' first reign (since 975). monarchsSweyn
(Sven Forkbeard of
1014
End of King
Sweyn`s reign (since 1013). monarchsEthelred II Redeless ascends the throne the second time (to
1016).
The Battle of
battlesLondon Bridge. King monarchsOlaf helps defend the city against the Danes. Several Norse sagas told how Olaf commanded his men to pull
down
`London Bridge is broke down,
Gold is won, and bright renown,
Shields resounding,
War-horns sounding,
Hildar
shouting in the din!
Arrows singing,
Mailcoats ringing,
Odin
makes our Olaf win!`
1016
End of King
monarchsEthelred II Redeless' second reign (since 1014).
monarchsEdmund Ironside ascends the throne (but doesn`t see the
year out).monarchs Canute (Knut), a Dane, ascends the throne (to
1035).
Ashundun and Treaty of Alney.
1028
monarchsCanute`s conquest of Norway and dependencies make him master of an
empire comprising England, Denmark, Norway, Iceland, the Orkneys, the Hebrides, the Isle of Man and the Scandinavian settlements in
Ireland. The king divides
1035
monarchsCanute dies, and there is a dispute over
succession between his two sons, monarchsHardacanute and monarchsHarold Harefoot. Eventually, the Witan [parliament] divides the realm between
them.
1037
Witan acknowledges monarchsHarold Harefoot as king of
1040
Hardacanute
returns to England, to dispute Harold Harefoot`s claim to the throne, but
Harold dies before the matter is put to the test, and Hardacanute becomes king.
1042
Hardacanute dies.
Last Danish king of
`A man of deep
piety, he was perhaps too gentle and benevolent for the sometimes rather brutal
times in which he lived.`
`That the Fosse
Way was regarded as a major highway in early Norman if not late Saxon times, is
attested to by the so-called `Laws of Edward the Confessor', which include a
section on the four great highways which came under the King's Peace; Watling
Street, Icknield Street, Fosse Way and Ermine Street.'[5]
1044
manor, in the hundred of Exminster, given to Bishop bishopsExeterLeofric by Edward.
Creation of first ese state, at Pagan.
1045
King Edward
marries, at age 40, Edith, daughter of Godwine, Earl of Essex.
1050
Possible first
mention of an Earl Branscombe? (to 1072)
`Branscombe,
before the NormanConquest, belonged to the
`Lysons says
Branscombe manor was given to the canons of
Edward the
Confessor transfers the See of
Raiding Danes may have seized land around Branscombe at
this time, but were repulsed over the next 20 years.
Anasazi
settlements in the south-west of
with clay, moveable type, invented in
1051
Exile of Earl
Godwine.
William of in
1064
Earl at the court.
1065
King
monarchsEdward the Confessor`s newly-built churchesWestminster Abbey is consecrated.
1066
6 January,
25 September: King
Harold defeats the Norwegians at
28 September:
William, Duke of Normandy, leads his army ashore after crossing the Channel
overnight, and captures Pevensey.
14 October: Harold
is defeated and killed, at the
;`At Hastings, in 1066, Taillefer the Jongleur went before the army, flinging his sword in the air and
singing stirring stanzas from the Song of Roland.'[8]
`The Song of
Roland was about a Breton of that name, a friend of Charlemagne, killed at the
`King Harold's
thanes who rode to Hastings in 1066 and then, to their undoing, dismounted to
fight, were beaten and dispossessed by Norman invaders who fought on horseback,
towering over the Anglo-Saxons and crushing them. The man on horseback
dominated English society for the next seven or eight centuries.'[10]
25 December,
`The numbers of
ancestors doubles with each generation as you proceed backwards ... so that ten
generations back (say 300 years) you may have as many as 1,024 ancestors; at
1066 (30 generations) the nominal number would exceed a billion, but of course
thousands of names would be repeated thousands of times.'[11]
After the Battle
of Hastings, Bishop Leofric gave sanctuary to the mother of Harold but declared
for William the Conqueror, who refrained from punishing the city and entered by
the east gate as the queen escaped by the west. Norman Excestre gained
1067
The Rising. William marches on the city,
which submits. As a result, the castle, Rougemont, is built.
Exeter`s first bishop, bishopsExeterWarelwast, replaces Leofric. A nephew of William,
and later chaplain to both monarchsWilliam II William's son, Rufus, and monarchsHenry I.
Names inscribed on
the roll of honour at churchesBattle Abbey, after its completion, include:
|
Audeley |
Braunche |
De la Pole |
The great Norman
family of de la Pomerai () used their manor of PomeroyBerry
Pomeroy from the Conquest to 1548, as their
principal residence in
1072
Bishop
bishopsExeterLeofric of
Bishop
bishopsOsbern installed. (to 1103)
1073
`The presence in
1075
An article in the
Exeter Express & Echo of 11
November 1981 claims Hole House in Branscombe was built in this year, by Simon
de Holcomb, a Saxon bowman in the Battle of Hastings, who was evicted from
Farringdon Manor when William The Conqueror took Exeter in 1074 [should this be
1067, or did he take it again?]. It claims the de Holcomb family owned Hole
House until 1603, including Sir John de Holcomb, who died in the Crusades and
who, with his wife, Isabella of Rousdon, owned all the land between Branscombe
and Lyme regis.
1083
2 November:
Matilda dies. (queen of William?)
1084
The Inquisicio Gheldi lists a manor called Brunescume (Brianscombe), in Corfe
Castle Parish, Aileveswoda (Aylswood)
hundred. [Isle of Purbeck?] It is bracketed with Acton (Langton Wallis),
Swanage, Durnford & Moleham. The Saxon owner is shown as Algar in paragio (?) Its Domesday tenant is
shown as Hugo de Nemore Herberti.[14]
1085
survey begun.
Hertford is
described as having three mills and two churches.
1086
Book completed and delivered to
At the time of
Domesday,
Domesday
Lands of St.Peter of the
`Bishop
bishopsOsbern has a manor called Douelis () which T.R.E. paid geld for 7 hides.
(1792 acres) These 30 ploughs can till. Thereof the bishop has 1 hide (256
acres) and 2 ploughs in demesne, and the villeins have 6 hides (1536 acres) and
24 ploughs. This manor is assigned for the support of the canons. There the
bishop has 30 villeins, (c.50 acres each) 8 bordars, 3 serfs, 3 cows, 2 swine, 100 sheep, coppice 3
furlongs in length and 1 in breadth, 6 acres of meadow, and 12 acres of
pasture. It is worth 8 pounds a year when the bishop received it, it was worth
7 pounds.`
Editor`s note to the above: manor in the
hundred of Exminster. Given to
Bishop bishopsExeterLeofric by the
Confessor in 1044
Domesday
Lands of St.Peter of the
`Bishop Osbern
has a manor called Branchescoma (Branscombe) which Bishop Leuric (Leofric) held
in T.R.E., and it paid geld for 5 hides. (1280 acres) These 16 ploughs can
till. It is allotted for the support of the canons. Thereof the canons have 1
hide in demesne (256 acres) and 1 plough, and the villeins have 4 hides (1024
acres) and 15 ploughs. There the canons have 22 villeins, (c.46 acres each) 5
bordars, 1 serf, 1 beast, 150 sheep, 12 acres of coppice and 2 acres of meadow.
It is worth 6 pounds a year.`
Editor's note to the above: Branscombe
manor in Colyton hundred. In 857
the property of the crown, and mentioned in monarchsEdulwulf`s will. Given
by king monarchsAlfred to his younger
son, Aethelweard, in 901. When
he died before his father, Branscombe passed to monarchsEdward the Elder, and from him
to monarchsAthelstan. (c.895-940)
Athelstan gave this and other estates to the monastery of
St.Peter at Exeter, which held it
until 1050, when Bishop bishopsExeterLeofric transferred his
cathedral church from Crediton; to Exeter, whereupon the monks moved to
LondonWestminster and their
monastery, with its endowments, were given to the secular canons of the new
cathedral
T.R.E Tempore
Regis Edwardi = "the day on which
King
Edward
was alive and dead". (5 Jan.1066)
Hide unit
of assessment on which Danegeld was paid
= 256
acres.
Virgate quarter
of a hide = 64 acres.
Ferling quarter
of a virgate = 16 acres.
Ploughland as
much land as 8 oxen could cultivate
= 4
ferlings = 64 acres.
`The manor consists of demesne and villagers'
land. Demesne is the lord`s home farm. Villagers' land is that occupied by his
dependents on condition of cultivating the lord`s farm for him.' [16]
Book Hammersmith is undoubtedly included under Fulham, not being then a separate parish...The Broadway dates its origin back to very
early times; it was a clearing in the woods; we read in Domesday that there was
`wood for 1000 swine hereabouts.''[17]
`The population of
1087
William I summons
all land-holders of substance in
Reign of
monarchsWilliam I the Conqueror of Normandy ends, when he
dies in
A ring-motte and
bailey castle exists (is built?) on , a volcanic rock extrusion within the
city of
The first to reverse Islamic gains in the
1089
The cult of Saint
saintsGeorge is brought back to
1093
`Begun only 27
years after the Conquest, churchesDurham Cathedral, with its massive grandeur, is the
supreme example of Anglo-Norman Romanesque architecture.'[21]
1095
The Council of
Clermont. `The recovery of Islam, and the threat it posed to Christendom
in the